Branches Of Internal Carotid Artery

BRANCHES OF INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY

No branches in neck Caroticotypanic Pterygoid Cavernous branch to trigeminal ganglion Superior and inferior hypophyseal Opthalmic Anterior cerebral Middle cerebral Posterior communicating Anterior choridal

BRANCHES OF EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY

·         Superior thyroid

·         Lingual

·         Facial

·         Occipital

·         Posterior auricular

·         Ascending pharyngeal

·         Maxillary

·         Superficial temporal

BRANCHES OF SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY

·         Vertebral artery,

·         Internal thoraxic artery,

·         Thyrocervical trunk (Inferior thyroid, suprascapular, superficial cervical)

·         Costocervical trunk (Superior intercostal, Deep cervical)

BRANCHES OF VERTEBRAL ARTERY

·         Spinal

·         Muscula

·         Meningeal

·         Anterior spinal

·         Posterior spinal

·         Posterior inferior cerebellar

·         Medullar

BRANCHES OF BASILAR ARTERY

Is smaller terminal branch of common iliac artery

It is about one and half inches long (3-3.5cm).

It begins in front of sacroiliac joint

It divides onto ant. Ang post. Divisions at upper margin or greater sciatic notcn

Branches from Anterior Division: (Six in males and seven in females.

Superior vesical artery

Interior vesical

Obturator

Middle rectal

Inf.Gluteal

Internal pudendai

In females, interior vesicle is replaced by vaginal artery

Uterine artery is the/th branch in females

Branches from posterior Division:

Superior giutear.

Ilio lumbar

Lateral sacral

QUESTIONS ASKED IN VARIOUS EXAMINATIONS

Inferior thyroid artery is a branch of:	• Throcervical trunk	• PGI2003
Ascending pharyngeal artery is a branch of	• external carotid artery	• TN 2004
Internal pudendal artery in females is a branch of	• internal iliac artery	• DELHI 1992
Left gastroepiploic artery is a branch of	• spleenic artery	• Al 1989
Spleenic artery is a branch of	• celiac trunk	• PG11988
Uterine artery is a branch of	• internal iliac artery	• PGI, UPSC 1989
Cystic artery is a branch of	• right hepatic artery	• PGI 2001
Cilio retinal artery is a branch of	• choridal artery	• TN 2002
Middle meningeal artery is a branch of	• maxillary artery	• UPSC 1986
Anterior spinal artery is a branch of	• veretebral artery	• PGI 1993
Opthalmic artery is a branch of	• internal carotid artery	• PGI 1993

Good Morning-Qoute Of The Day

Anatomy

GENERAL ANATOMY

• ·         Father of Modern Anatomy: Vesalius

IMPORTANT VESSELS AND SOURCE OF BLEEDING (HIGH YIELD FOR 2014)

It is very essential to remember the source of bleeding from some important vessels:

• ·         Doudenal ulcer:                                   Gastroduodenal artery
• ·         EDH (Extradural hematomas):            Middle meningeal artery
• ·         Gastric Ulcer:                                      Left gastric artery
• ·         Hemoptysis:                                        Bronchial artery
• ·         Menstruation:                                      Spiral arteries
• ·         SDH (Sub dural hematoma)                Bridging veins
• ·         Tonsillectomy:                                    Paratonsillar vein

Posterior wall perforation leads to bleeding due to involvement of gastroduodenal artery that lies posterior to the 1st part of duodenum.

Trauma to skuU near the Pterion exactly opposite to which lies the middle meningeal artery inside the skull (figure below). Acute Epidural hematoma: Usually follows arterial hemorrhage between the skull and the dura. At the time of impact, a dura! artery is tom, and the inbending of the skull initiates the stripping of the dura from the bone. Occasionally, an epidural hematoma follows a tom venous sinus. Most frequently, acute epidural hematomas occur in the temporal or temporoparietal region as a consequence of hemorrhage from one of the branches of the middle meningeal artery.

Huxles Membrane:	Inner layer of cells of root sheath of hair
Henle's Membrane:	Outer layer of cells of root sheath of hair
Bowman's Membrane:	“Anterior” limiting membrane of Cornea
Descemet’s Membrane:	“Posterior” limiting membrane of Cornea
Bruchs Membrane:	Pigment membrane in Retina
Elsching's Membrane:	Astroglial membrane covering Optic Disc
Heuser's Membrane:	Exocelomic Membrane
Sharpnell's Membrane:	Pars Flaccida of the tympanic membrane